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LongevityPeptides
Index

All longevity research peptides

Ten compounds with the deepest published research base in longevity biology. Filter by mechanistic category or search by name and alias.

This index covers the ten peptides on which there is enough published preclinical and clinical evidence to support a structured editorial overview: mechanism of action, research history, summarised studies, safety profile and UK regulatory framing. Compounds with thinner evidence bases — or those whose research is dominated by a single unreplicated paper — are not included.

The mechanistic categories are useful for navigating the field. Telomere & pineal peptides (Epitalon, Pinealon) sit in the Khavinson short-peptide tradition and target gene-regulatory and circadian axes. Mitochondrial peptides (Humanin, MOTS-c, SS-31) operate on cristae structure, AMPK signalling and mitokine biology. The GH axis entries (Sermorelin, CJC-1295/Ipamorelin) target somatopause through pituitary-stimulating analogues with feedback regulation intact. Cellular repair (GHK-Cu), thymic/immune (Thymosin Alpha-1) and the NAD⁺ adjunct category round out the mechanistic landscape covered on this site.

For comparative reading, see the comparison index. For deeper topical coverage on individual research threads, see the research summaries.

Epitalon

Telomere & Pineal
Epithalon · Epithalamin

A synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) derived from the pineal polypeptide epithalamin, studied for its effects on telomerase activity, circadian regulation, and lifespan extension in animal models.

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GHK-Cu

Cellular Repair
Copper Tripeptide-1 · Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper

A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) that declines with age and is studied for tissue remodelling, anti-inflammatory gene-expression effects and skin/connective-tissue repair.

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Humanin

Mitochondrial
HN · MOTS-c sister peptide

A 24-amino-acid mitochondrially-derived peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA gene, studied for cytoprotective, metabolic and neuroprotective signalling that declines with age.

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MOTS-c

Mitochondrial
Mitochondrial Open-reading-frame of the Twelve S rRNA-c

A 16-amino-acid mitochondrially-derived peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene; functions as an exercise-mimetic regulator of insulin sensitivity, AMPK signalling and metabolic homeostasis.

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Pinealon

Telomere & Pineal
EDR tripeptide · Glu-Asp-Arg

A short synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg, EDR) from the Khavinson cytomedine family, studied for neuroprotective effects, oxidative-stress resistance and cognitive-function preservation in aged animals.

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SS-31

Mitochondrial
Elamipretide · Bendavia

A mitochondrially-targeted aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that binds inner-mitochondrial-membrane cardiolipin and stabilises mitochondrial cristae structure, studied in cardiac, renal and skeletal-muscle ageing.

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NAD⁺-related Peptides

NAD⁺ / Sirtuins
NMN · NR

Peptides and peptide-conjugate strategies investigated for their effects on cellular NAD⁺ levels, sirtuin activity and mitochondrial energy metabolism — including direct sirtuin-activating peptides and NMN/NR delivery analogues.

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Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymic / Immune
Tα1 · Thymalfasin

A 28-amino-acid synthetic equivalent of an N-acetylated peptide fragment originally isolated from thymic tissue, studied for immune-modulatory activity and increasingly examined in the context of immunosenescence and longevity.

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Sermorelin

GH Axis
GRF (1-29) · GHRH 1-29

A 29-amino-acid analogue of the active N-terminal fragment of growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH), studied as a pulsatile, physiological stimulator of pituitary GH secretion in the context of age-related GH decline.

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CJC-1295 / Ipamorelin

GH Axis
CJC-1295 · CJC-1295 DAC

A widely-studied research combination pairing a long-acting GHRH analogue (CJC-1295) with a selective ghrelin/GHS-R agonist (Ipamorelin) to produce synergistic, feedback-preserved pulsatile GH release.

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BPC-157

Cellular Repair
Body Protection Compound 157 · PL 14736

A 15-amino-acid synthetic peptide fragment derived from a protective protein found in human gastric juice, studied for over three decades in animal models of tendon, ligament, gut and vascular repair.

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TB-500

Cellular Repair
Thymosin Beta-4 · TB4

A research designation commonly applied to synthetic fragments of Thymosin Beta-4, the body's most abundant actin-sequestering peptide, studied for its role in cell migration, angiogenesis and tissue-repair signalling.

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DSIP

Telomere & Pineal
Delta-Sleep-Inducing Peptide · Delta Sleep Peptide

A nonapeptide (Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu) isolated from rabbit cerebral venous blood in 1977 and named for its association with delta-wave EEG activity, studied for sleep architecture, stress-axis modulation and chronobiology.

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Thymalin

Thymic / Immune
Thymic Polypeptide Complex · Timalin

A polypeptide complex extracted from calf thymus, developed in parallel with Epitalon by Vladimir Khavinson's St Petersburg group, studied as an immunomodulator addressing thymic involution and age-related immune decline.

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Tesamorelin

GH Axis
Egrifta · TH9507

A stabilised 44-amino-acid analogue of full-length growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH), FDA-approved since 2010 for HIV-associated lipodystrophy and the only GHRH analogue to hold a formal licence in a major regulatory market.

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Semax

Cognitive / Neurotropic
Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro · ACTH(4-10) analogue

A synthetic heptapeptide analogue of the ACTH(4-10) fragment, developed in Russia as a non-hormonal neurotropic peptide and registered there for stroke rehabilitation and cognitive disorders, typically administered intranasally.

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Selank

Cognitive / Neurotropic
TP-7 · Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro

A synthetic heptapeptide analogue of the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, developed in Russia as a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic and registered there for anxiety and adaptive-stress disorders, typically administered intranasally.

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FOX04-DRI

Senolytic
FOXO4-DRI · FOXO4 D-Retro-Inverso Peptide

A designed D-retro-inverso peptide that disrupts the FOXO4-p53 interaction inside senescent cells, selectively triggering p53-driven apoptosis in senescent cells while sparing healthy tissue.

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